It is defined as any event that accident, caused by a sudden and violent action caused by an external agent unintentional, resulting in a personal injury. The extent of the terms of this definition requires bear in mind that different types of accidents are influenced by multiple phenomena of nature unpredictable and uncontrollable.

The group that generates higher mortality is that of accidents during the transportation of persons or goods by land, sea or air. Despite the proportions typically up air accidents certainly is the road which leads to greater casualties.
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Causes basic and immediate causes

Not to be confused with the root causes immediate causes. For example, the immediate cause of an accident may be the lack of protective clothing, but the underlying cause may be that protective clothing is not used because it is uncomfortable. Suppose that a turner has been nailed a chip in one eye. Investigate the case is found not wearing safety glasses. The immediate cause is the absence of individual protection, but the underlying cause is to discover and investigate why it is essential not wear glasses. It might be by trying to gain time, because that was not specified in that job were used glasses (lack of [labour standards]), because the glasses were uncomfortable, and so on. It is therefore imperative to try to locate and eliminate the root causes of accidents, if only because it acts on the immediate causes, accidents will occur.

Basic Causes

Underlying causes can be divided into factors and personal factors at work. The most common are:

Personal factors:

* Lack of knowledge or ability to develop the work we have commissioned.
* Lack of motivation or improper motivation.
* Seek to save time or effort and / or avoid inconvenience.
* Ensure the attention of others, express hostilities.
* Existing problems or physical or mental defects.

Factors working:

* Lack of labour standards or labour standards inadequate.
* Design or inadequate maintenance of machinery and equipment.
* Incorrect work habits.
* Use and normal wear and tear of equipment and tools.
* Use abnormal and incorrect equipment, tools and facilities.

Causes immediate

The immediate causes can be divided into unsafe acts and unsafe conditions. Let’s look at some of the most common examples:

Acts unsafe

* Carry out work for which is not being duly authorized.
* Working in unsafe conditions or excessive speeds.
* Do not give notice of danger that the conditions are observed, marked or not.
* Do not use, or cancel, security devices equipped with running machines or facilities.
* Use tools or defective equipment or in poor condition.
* Do not use protective clothing set out individually or using inappropriate garments.
* Spending jokes at work.
* Repair machines or facilities on an interim basis.
* Carry out repairs for which is not authorized.
* Adopt incorrect postures at work, especially when dealing charges arm.
* Use work clothes inappropriate (with belts or parts hanging or tearing, too loose, with grease stains, etc.)..
* Use rings, bracelets, necklaces, medals, etc.. when working with machines with moving parts (risk of entrapment).
* Use cables, chains, ropes, slings and lifting gear, in poor condition.
* Exceed the carrying capacity of lifting or commercial vehicles.
* Putting underneath loads suspended.
* Introducing into pits, vats or confined spaces, without taking precautions.
* Transporting people in cars or trucks industry.

Conditions Unsafe

* Lack of protections and safeguards on the machines and facilities.
* Inadequate protections and safeguards.
* Lack of warning system, alarm or wake-up call.
* Lack of order and cleanliness in the workplace.
* Shortage of space to work and store materials.
* Improper storage of materials, apilamientos disordered, packages deposited in the aisles, piling obstructing emergency exits, etc..
* Excessive noise levels.
* Lighting inadequate (lack of light, lamps deslumbran)
* Lack of signalling points or areas of danger.
* Existence of flammable or combustible materials near sources of heat.
* Voids, wells, ditches, without protection or marking, at risk of falling.
* Flats in poor condition; uneven, slippery, desconchados.
* Lack of handrails and rodapiés on platforms and scaffolding.

Types of accidents

There are several types of accidents, among which are:

* Accidents at home: poisonings, burns, sprains, are the most common type.
* Accidents at work: burning, freezing, flooding, violent death, electrocuted, and so on.
* Traffic accidents: shocks, violent deaths, and so on.